37

Linda Brown was a black student in Topeka Kansas, who lived far away from her all black school, even though her schools were supposed to be separate but equal, the white school was much closer to where she lived. Mr. Brown appealed to District court, and the Naacp and tried to challenge the segregation laws from Plessy v Ferguson. In this court they ruled in favor of the schools, citing the previous case. The NAACP appealed this decision to the supreme court in 1951. in 1954 they decided, by Chief justice Warren, that minority groups must be provided with equal educational opporutnities. This reversed the separate but equal decisions made in the Plessy Vs Ferguson decision on the grounds that it violates the 14th amendment. after this schools were no longer divided by racial lines. this was a major turning point in the civil rights movement.

29

Woodrow Wilson stressed in  his first inaurgrial address the change that has taken place in America. the Government had been consumed by democrats, and although a previously underrepresented party turning into the majority; this didn't meant that he would destroy any progress made. The Democrats showed aspects of things that were shared between the two parties, just with their own differences within them. Wilson also continues on to prise the morally strong and lists the problems that need to be fixed under his office. This included the need to get natural resources, while being in the middle of a very very competitive industry. This led to chaos in the corporate sector, and they would need to take care of that in the new government. the Tariifs also he said violates the principles of taxation, a banking system was poor at adjusting to the fluctuations in the economy, industrys don't have all the rights they believed they do, and farmers were very under represented. The government was the only person who world be able to take charge and change big business to bring equality and fairness the the Americans.

Fdr's address was during the depression, and also talked

about government taking charge to fix problems

29

The keating owen child labor law was enacted in 1916 and controlled the amount of hours kids could work and to stoped the interstate trade of all goods manufactured by kids. in 1900 a census said that America had roughly 2000000 children working at the time. this census prompted a national movement. Lewis Hine, a photjournalist during the time revealed the devcastating conditions that the kids had to work in, such as factories, mills, and mines. The act regulated child labor by restricting the age of people who worked in factories 14-16+. they also received better hours and conditions

Nike loves child labor today, they just do it in Bangladesh where its legal

lad 27

in 1914, the clayton anti trust act was eventually passed by the congress in the wake of the Sherman anbti trust act, which didn't entirely encompass the workers needs. the clayton anti trust act was different because it stopped companies from making exclusive contracts, rebates, inter corporate stock holdings, and price cuts. This is very similar to the Sherman anti trust act, but it was better enforced, in addition it allowed unions more freedom. this act was huge in American society because it didn't stop unions from limiting industrys' abuse of workers

lad 26

MLK's I have a dream speech starts off decaling how influential it will be, and also referencing Abraham Lincoln at gettysberg when he said four score and seven years ago. He then claims that the emancipation proclamation was not successful in freeing the black memebrs of American society. WIth jim crow laws blackstill faced the harsh realities of American slavery. they were not citizens. MLK calls for a great change in American civil rights because of these inequalities, by everybody coming together. He encourages blacks to speak out so that they can have their rights heard. Nothing will change until the white only signs outside stores are taken down and everybody in America is treated as equals "holding hands". With this, he begins his famous "I Have a Dream" section of the speech using a lot of literary decives to paint a picture of the America he wishes to see.

lad 36

WWI set the world up for yet another war, however, this wasn't just any war seen before, because now with the threat of communism taking over other parts of the world, along with new powerful weapons on the rise, the cold war became a great war of fear and power, lasting multiple decades. Truman responds to the incoming threats of the soviets and communism in the famous Truman doctrine. At first he explains how the US needs to help the countries of Europe that have been destroyed from war, and how Greece was prevented from reconstructing themselves due to the soviets. he also says the US needs to help countries like Turkey to promote democracy in other countries before the soviets reach them and implement their communist ideals. Trumans requests troops be sent to these two nations and also send substantial monetary aid to help them reconstruct. As US foreign affairs always are, its important to recognize the self interest in this doctrine, while it is important to help rebuild other nations, Truman had a greater concern with putting the democratic influence on these nations to prevent the USSR from gaining more speed.

similarly the Monroe doctrine was used to

spread US influence on other continents

before other world powers could reach them,

marked by the same type of

self interest.

LAD 35

In WWI there was a similar anti German hate in America

like there was during WWII

Executive order 9066 was FDR allowing the secretary of War, a member of his cabinet, the power to create military zones. This was actually ordered with the intended purpose of, post pearl harbor, creating internment camps for US citizens who are racially of axis power background, specifically the Japanese on the west cost. Following pearl harbor there was a huge scare that many Japanese Americans, even though they were actually still Americans who considered themselves Americans, were spies for Japan and conspiring against the United States of America dude. about 112,000 Japanese Americans during WWI were shipped off to interment camps which were basically just concentration camps or prisons for these innocent families with horrible conditions. at the end of the war upon their release many of them had homes destroyed and were left with nothing to return to. several years later, when obviously it was mch too late, Gerald Ford gave a speech apologizing to the Japanese Americans on the behalf of America.  

lad 34

"...a date that will live in infamy..." FDR's most famous quote and possibly one jof the most famous solemn quotes of US history, speaks in respect to the men in pearl harbor who hopelessly lost their lives under the bombardment from Japanese planes the day before. This revealed that Japan had been lying to the US when they spoke about keeping peace in diplomatic negotiations. Because of the Japanese offensive which was quickly taking over the entire pacific, he asks congress to declare war on japan.

tears of the Arizona, oil still spilling out of ship sunk in pearl harbor

the Gettysburg address by Lincoln

was another very moving and famous

speech by a US president after

another day that lives in infamy

in many peoples hearts

LAD 31

Wilsons 14 points were at the end of WWI where he devised a plan to keep peace between the nations of the world so that WWI was a war to end all war. His goal was to have 14 rules that every nation would abide by, such as free trade, free seas, no secret traties, and cutting back on armies. The tenth point was the formation of the league of nations. which would be a peace keeping organization that every nation was to join so that disputes between countries could be settled in a civil manner before war had to ever occur. these points were ultimately unsuccessful because the US never was able to join the league of nations due to the senate not passing the original 14 points, also the other courntires still had too much hate for Germany to be able to easily comply with the points

the united nations were formed after WWII and were a much

more successful verson of what the LN was supposed

to be

LAD 33

Roosevelt's famous anecdote "Only thing we have to fear is fear itself" greatly represents the whole of his inaugural address. Most if it was a response to the American people's concerns about the new economic crises of the 30s. He promises that he will help to take up the burden of fixing the problems of the crises, as long as the American people also come together to fix the situation they are in. He essentially says he will be their leader, if they offer him their trust and support. He blames the crisis on greed and big banks and thinks that the government should be the one to step in in order to fix the problems at hand.

Lincolns address at Gettysburg is similar to FDRs inaugural
because it is solemn due to it being a response to difficult times
and unfortunate things in the past, in addition to proving
how both Lincoln and FDR gained the trust of the
American people due to them being the strong man during
harsh times when the people needed them

LAD 32

The Kellogg Briand peace pact was a policy signed by virtually every world power in the late 1920's which essentially outlawed war a national policy completely. It said that any nation that didn't follow the terms present in the pact would then lose the benefits also present in the pact. It was also the hope of the pact that the nations who had not initially signed it would later vote to join the nations who had. It was the Unitied states responsibility to hold up the original treaty, and add new nations to the pact. Eventually there was a total of forty nations who had joined the pact, within a year of its initial signing.


the peace pact was similar to wilsons 14 points in its
idealistic ways which involve there never being war in
assuming everybody will comply to it

lad 30

Hippies protesting Vietnam draft

Charles Schneck

During WWI, a draft took place that the US would have enough people to fight a war of attrition. Due to the Espionage Act of 1917, there was nothing anybody could do about the horrible draft. Schenck agreed that the draft was bad and tried to make propaganda and petitions to remove it. This violated the act which said it was illegal to interfere with the war effort, making him in trouble with the law. In a supreme court case, he defended himself by saying the constitution gave him free speech. However, Oliver Holmes stated that because what he was saying was going against the common good of the nation, he didn't have his free speech. This shows the governments greater control over the people in war time.